Pdf evaluating fault seal risk is an important factor in hydrocarbon exploration and production. This is often the single largest source of uncertainty in the risking procedure which is why t7 provides comprehensive tools for generating a structurally robust model. The softwares straightforward interactive and intuitive approach to stress analysis makes it especially useful in the classroom. Depth structure map on top of kalol formation considered to be potential reservoir section in the study area showing identified faults, drilled wells and pseudo wells created for fault seal analysis. Faulting, fault sealing and fluid flow in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Fault seal analysis in exploration and development. T seven fault seal analysis badley geoscience software. Fault seal prediction in hydrocarbon reservoirs requires an understanding of fault seal mechanisms, fault rock petrophysical properties, the spatial distribution of seals, and seal stability. Schematic seismogeological crosssection representing stratigraphy and interpreted faults. Sp496 integrated fault seal analysis geological society. Outline of the important stages in fault analysis and seal evaluation. Abstract fault seal plays a critical part in hydrocarbon traps, and the same will be true for co2 storage.
Such uncertainties need to be directly and systematically accounted for in a fault seal analysis. Standard fault seal analysis workflow simulation model map faults estimate fault rock properties estimate clay content of fault calculate fault transmissibility multiplier. Most of the seal analysis involves construction of fault plane displacement, juxtaposition maps and fault. These examples and many other analyses using the method demonstrate how small changes in stratigraphic and structural input to a fault seal analysis can introduce significant uncertainty in the predicted range of hydrocarbon volumes. Wibberley total vertical and lateral seals are often assumed to be static, with a fixed seal threshold determined by capillary properties. Most of the seal analysis relate to construction of fault plane displacement, juxtaposition maps and fault membrane seal. At the initial stage of the sequestration process, injection pressure may play a key role in the pore pressure of the formations. Modern quantitative methods of risking fault seal properties have established an empirical relationship between the observed sealing behavior of faults and the inferred sandshale content of the fault zone. Dynamic hydrocarbon trapping and implications for seal.
The petrel structural and fault analysis module allows for more accurate mapping of faults, rapid definition of critical flowing or sealing windows along the faults, better integration of fault properties and geometries within the simulator, and the ability to easily tune fault data to observed core or dynamic data. Fault seal capacity study for potential cluster prospects. The numerical results showed that fault seal is highly sensitive to injection pressure. Behaviour and its evaluation in siliciclastic rocks. Problems at the faces carbons, ceramic, silicon and tungsten carbide faces wear heat hangup. Tree add other influencers utilize the root cause chart to identify personal and job factors and specific underlyingroot cause link causes to the maturity pathmanagement system understand the work process and influencers. The secondorder phase of the analysis assesses whether the sandsand contacts are likely to support a pressure difference. Fault seal analysis has been done by several methods. These faults may be sealing or conduit to oil and gas flow. Assessing the capacity for a fault to seal or leak can be difficult, particularly where well constraint is lacking.
Seal was started on shaft, then removed and reinstalled. Data representing the degree of sealing can be generated and used as basis for seal analysis or as input to a flow simulator. Workflows for fault seal prediction in siliciclastics and. The basis of a reasoned assessment of the sealing characteristics of faults.
Fault seal analysis pdf petroleum reservoir geology. The workflow demonstrates that the combination of back stripping and fault seal analysis in petroleum systems modeling can be used to achieve. Bailey this volume considers the mostcost effective ways of carrying out an integrated fault seal analysis in todays environment, to understand the uncertainties, risks and upsides associated with fault related fluid flow. Pdf a threedimensional approach to fault seal analysis. Rmsstream and rmsflowsim results from fault seal analysis can be used directly in roxars. The faultzone rocktype depends upon the composition of the faulted sequence, and the burialtemperature history during and after faulting. Hydrodynamic fault seal 11 a rise in aquifer pressure can reduce the fault trapped column height in the higher pressure fault block by cross fault leakage i.
This presentation features full volume interpretation, complex structural modeling and gridding, capturing data trends in stratigraphy, fault seal analysis, static volume uncertainties, and. Faults play an important role in creating hydrocarbon traps. A firstorder seal analysis involves identifying reser voir juxtaposition areas over the fault surface by using the mapped horizons and a refined reservoir. These faults may be sealing or conduit to fluid flow. Fault seal prediction in hydrocarbon reservoirs requires an understanding of fault seal mechanisms, fault rock petrophysical properties, the spatial distribution of. Faults are identified and its architecture, fault throw, heave and orientation. Fault seal prediction in hydrocarbon reservoirs requires an understanding of fault seal mechanisms, fault rock petrophysical properties, the spa tial distribution. Dynamic hydrocarbon trapping and implications for seal analysis christopher a. Application of fault seal analysis, buselli field, onshore.
In the frontier basin, in a marine setting, seismic velocities may be the only data available. Use of faultseal analysis in understanding petroleum. Use of fault seal analysis in understanding petroleum migration in a complexly faulted anticlinal trap, columbus basin, offshore trinidad richard g. Quantitative fault seal prediction1 geoscienceworld. New technique of fault seal analysis rdr is used to reduce the uncertainty and risk in faulted reservoirs area using different source of data like seismic data, structure input, and facies and. Pdf in areas with an active tectonic past, the analysis of the sealing properties of faults is an important aspect both for the understanding of. The standard workflow for prediction of capillary seal of hydrocarbons can be readily adapted to prediction of co2 seal since the fluid properties of co2 at reservoir temperatures and pressures are within the range shown by hydrocarbons. Bulletin thematic issue on fault seals, american asso. Workflows for fault seal prediction in siliciclastics and carbonates graham yielding1, emma michie1, pete bretan1, and quentin fisher2. The objective of this course is to introduce concepts and methods in trap and seal analysis particularly as related to fault characterization including fault mapping and fault seal to geoscientists geologists and geophysicists and petroleum engineers so that they can apply these principles in their exploration and. Aapg eage hydrocarbon seals of the middle east, january 1820, 2016, muscat, oman. The wells drilled 86 in the main part of the field, e.
A firstorder seal analysis involves identifying reservoir juxtaposition areas over the fault surface by using the mapped horizons and a refined reservoir stratigraphy defined by isochores at the fault surface. However, as time continues, co2 buoyancy dominates the pore pressure regime of the formations. Most of traps are bounded and associated with faults. Additional information such as transmissibility, shale gouge ratio and fault zone permeability can also be generated for qc and analysis. Northern part of cambay basin conference paper pdf available february 2010 with 3,658 reads. The basis of a reasoned assessment of the sealing characteristics of faults is a validated interpretation and 3dimensional structural model. On the one hand, a fault or fault zone may provide a conduit for fluid migration, while on the other, the structure may act as a. Fault seal analysis pdf a firstorder seal analysis involves identifying reser voir juxtaposition areas over the fault surface by using the mapped horizons and a. A method to reduce uncertainty in hydrocarbon exploration. Fault seal analysis free download as powerpoint presentation. Fault seals in this stratigraphic sequence can be successfully evaluated using shale gouge ratio sgr, with a transition between sealing and nonsealing faults occurring in the sgr 0. Including fault seal and retention in monte carlo models. The objective of this course is to introduce concepts and methods in trap and seal analysis particularly as related to fault characterization including fault mapping and fault seal as applies to cross fault flow resistance to geoscientists geologists and geophysicists and petroleum engineers so that they can. Uncertainties associated with fault sealing analysis.
Utubing fault capillary entry pressure threshold cep applies to the lower pressure aquifer when hydrocarbon charge precedes overpressure if overpressure develops after. Petrel structural and fault analysis view products. Fault seal capacity is a direct reflection of the permeability of the resulting fault gouge and dependent on several factors, including the seismicity of the fault and stress state conditions necessary for fault reactivation. Although in reservoir reservoir juxtaposition, the possibility of seal still exist if the fault zones have capillary pressure higher than reservoirs on either side of it. This is often the single largest source of uncertainty in the risking procedure which. Sgr is calculated using the algorithm given by yielding et al. Faults are identified and its architecture, throw, heave and orientation are analyzed based on 2d seismic data. When the base of the top seal is convex upward in three dimensions, the contours drawn to represent this surface. Skuagocad high resolution reservoir modelling youtube. There are many different designs of a mechanical seal to meet specific applications. It showcases the use of the petrel platform to model and understand the. A comprehensive fault analysis has been conducted from core to seismic 18 scale to assess the likely influence of faults on the production performance and recoverable volumes. Fault seal analysis through geologic time using an integrated.
Faulting and fault sealing in production simulation models. The value of fault analysis for field development planning. The pre pliocene static model is used as input back ground to conduct detailed fault seal analysis and this will be a subject of evaluation in this work. Fault seal analysis is carried out from u220 to u260 from middle miocene to lower miocene formation, the main potential reservoirs of formation in the blocks 1021010610 of song hong basin. When fault seals are considered in this context, the buoyancy pressure of the hydrocarbon column. A threedimensional approach to fault seal analysis.
Understanding the risks and uncertainties in exploration and development. Fault seal capacity is an important component in the conventional petroleum system. The coulomb failure function describes this critical condition useful in assessing fault risk. Fault seal analysis in move faults play a critical role in the distribution and accumulation of fluids in sedimentary basins. Fault seal analysis porosity permeability earth sciences. Fault seal analysis is carried out at reservoir top, kalol formation middle eocene in the northern part of cambay basin. Integrated seal assessment and geologic risk with application to the skua field, timor sea, australia scott d. The primary output for reservoir simulation is the fault transmissibility multipliers. Mechanical seals are used in industrial pumps, compressors, and other applications to provide a leakproof seal between component parts. Pdf fault seal analysis from seismic and well data researchgate.
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